Substrate processing apparatus

ABSTRACT

A substrate processing apparatus having improved uniformity and speed of reaction is provided. A substrate processing apparatus includes a body portion comprising a discharge path, a gas supply unit connected to the body portion, a first partition extending from the body portion, a second partition extending from the body portion and arranged between the gas supply unit and the first partition, and a substrate support unit configured to have surface-sealing with the first partition, wherein a first region between the first partition and the second partition and a second region between the gas supply unit and the second partition are connected to the discharge path.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2016-0173619, filed on Dec. 19, 2016, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.

BACKGROUND 1. Field

One or more embodiments relate to a substrate processing apparatus, and more particularly, to a substrate deposition apparatus having improved uniformity and speed of reaction.

2. Description of the Related Art

In a process of manufacturing a semiconductor device, as a circuit line width decreases, more precise process control has been required. In a film deposition process that is one of important semiconductor processes, various efforts to improve uniformity and deposition speed of film deposition have been made.

In a substrate processing process such as film deposition or film etching using a flow of a fluid, reaction environments of a center portion and an edge portion of a substrate to be processed are different from each other. Due to the difference in the reaction environment, uniformity in the reaction of the center portion and the edge portion matters. The issue is becoming more important as a circuit line width deceases.

Furthermore, in a process of forming a fine line width, it is a problem that a reaction speed decreases to perform more precise processing. In particular, an atomic layer deposition process recently used to implement a fine line width is a switching type process in which atomic layers are deposited one by one by alternately introducing a source gas and a reactive gas in a reaction space by opening/closing of a valve. However, the atomic layer deposition process has a problem in that a throughput, for example, the number of substrates processed per hour, is low compared to a conventional deposition process.

SUMMARY

One or more embodiments include a substrate deposition apparatus which may have improved uniformity and speed of reaction.

Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the presented embodiments.

According to one or more embodiments, a substrate processing apparatus includes a body portion including a discharge path, a gas supply unit connected to the body portion, a first partition extending from the body portion, a second partition extending from the body portion and arranged between the gas supply unit and the first partition, and a substrate support unit configured to have surface-sealing with the first partition, wherein a first region between the first partition and the second partition and a second region between the gas supply unit and the second partition are connected to the discharge path.

A gap may be formed between the second partition and the gas supply unit.

The body portion may further include a first discharge channel connecting the first region between the first partition and the second partition and the discharge path, and a second discharge channel connecting the second region between the gas supply unit and the second partition and the discharge path.

The substrate processing apparatus may further include an insulating plate arranged on the gas supply unit, wherein the second region is communicated with the second discharge channel via a space between the insulating plate and the body portion.

The second discharge channel may be formed around an edge of the insulating plate.

The edge of the insulating plate may include a recessed surface, and the second region may be communicated with the second discharge channel via a space between the recessed surface and the body portion.

A direction of a path from the second region to the second discharge channel may be changed at least two times.

The substrate processing apparatus may further include a controller that is configured to perform a cycle at least once, the cycle including a first step of supplying a first gas and a second step of supplying a second gas.

The substrate processing apparatus may further include a controller that is configured to perform a cycle a plurality of times, the cycle including a first step of supplying a source gas, a second step of purging the source gas, a third step of supplying a reactive gas, and a fourth step of purging the reactive gas.

Each of the source gas and the reactive gas may be distributed and discharged through the first region and the second region.

The source gas and the reactive gas may be supplied by the gas supply unit, and a changing cycle for supplying the source gas and the reactive gas may be determined based on a position of the second partition arranged between the gas supply unit and the first partition.

During a time section of at least part of the first step to the fourth step, a flow rate of a gas escaping from the first region through the first discharge channel may be less than a flow rate of a gas escaping from the second region through the second discharge channel.

During a time section of at least part of the first step to the fourth step, a flow rate of a gas escaping from the first region through the first discharge channel may be greater than a flow rate of a gas escaping from the second region through the second discharge channel.

During a time section of at least part of the first step to the fourth step, a flow rate of a gas supplied by the gas supply unit may be substantially the same as a sum of a flow rate of the gas escaping from the first region through the first discharge channel and a flow rate of the gas escaping from the second region through the second discharge channel.

A reaction space may be defined by the gas supply unit, the substrate support unit, and the second partition.

At least part of the discharge path may overlap the gas supply unit.

According to one or more embodiments, a substrate processing apparatus includes a first partition, a gas supply unit connected to the first partition, a substrate support unit configured to have surface-sealing with the first partition, a second partition dividing a space between the first partition and the gas supply unit into a first region and a second region, and a discharge path communicated with the first region and the second region.

According to one or more embodiments, a substrate processing apparatus including a body portion, a gas supply unit, a substrate support unit configured to form a reaction space with the body portion, and a partition extending from the body portion toward the substrate support unit, in which the reaction space is formed by the partition between the gas supply unit and the substrate support unit, and a gap is formed between the partition and the gas supply unit and communicated with the reaction space.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and/or other aspects will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic cross-sectional views of substrate processing apparatuses according to embodiments;

FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematic cross-sectional views of substrate processing apparatuses according to other embodiments;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a substrate processing apparatus according to another embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a substrate processing apparatus according to another embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the substrate processing apparatus of FIG. 6, taken along a line II-II′ of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion Q of FIG. 7;

FIGS. 9 and 10 are schematic cross-sectional views of substrate processing apparatuses according to other embodiments;

FIG. 11 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a film deposition method using the substrate processing apparatuses according to other embodiments;

FIGS. 12 and 13 are schematic cross-sectional views of substrate processing apparatuses according to other embodiments;

FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a discharge portion of the substrate processing apparatus;

FIGS. 15 to 17 are schematic perspective views of reactors according to other embodiments and substrate processing apparatuses including the reactors;

FIGS. 18 and 19 schematically illustrate structures of reactors according to other embodiments;

FIGS. 20 and 21 schematically illustrate structures of the back plates 20 according to other embodiments;

FIGS. 22 to 24 are, respectively, a perspective view, a top view, and a bottom view of a gas channel included in the gas supply unit, according to an embodiment;

FIGS. 25 and 26 illustrate various embodiments of a fourth through-hole and a fifth through-hole penetrating through a back plate and a gas channel; and

FIGS. 27 and 28 are graphs showing a thickness of a SiO₂ film deposited on a substrate by a plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) method in a reactor according to an embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. In this regard, the present embodiments may have different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the descriptions set forth herein. Accordingly, the embodiments are merely described below, by referring to the figures, to explain aspects of the present description. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Expressions such as “at least one of,” when preceding a list of elements, modify the entire list of elements and do not modify the individual elements of the list.

Embodiments are provided to further completely explain the present inventive concept to one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present inventive concept pertains. However, the present inventive concept is not limited thereto and it will be understood that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the following claims. That is, descriptions on particular structures or functions may be presented merely for explaining embodiments of the present inventive concept.

Terms used in the present specification are used for explaining a specific embodiment, not for limiting the present inventive concept. Thus, the expression of singularity in the present specification includes the expression of plurality unless clearly specified otherwise in context. Also, terms such as “comprise” and/or “comprising” may be construed to denote a certain characteristic, number, step, operation, constituent element, or a combination thereof, but may not be construed to exclude the existence of or a possibility of addition of one or more other characteristics, numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, or combinations thereof. As used in the present specification, the term “and/or” includes any one of listed items and all of at least one combination of the items.

In the present specification, terms such as “first” and “second” are used herein merely to describe a variety of members, parts, areas, layers, and/or portions, but the constituent elements are not limited by the terms. It is obvious that the members, parts, areas, layers, and/or portions are not limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one constituent element from another constituent element. Thus, without departing from the right scope of the present inventive concept, a first member, part, area, layer, or portion may refer to a second member, part, area, layer, or portion.

Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present inventive concept are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the illustrated shapes may be modified according to, for example, manufacturing technology and/or tolerance. Thus, the embodiment of the present inventive concept may not be construed to be limited to a particular shape of a part described in the present specification and may include a change in the shape generated during manufacturing, for example.

FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic cross-sectional views of substrate processing apparatuses according to embodiments.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, each substrate processing apparatus may include a body portion 110, a conduit 120, a gas supply unit 130, a substrate support unit 140, a cover 160, and a discharge hole 170. Although an example of the substrate processing apparatus described in the present specification may include a deposition apparatus for a semiconductor or a display substrate, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The substrate processing apparatus may be any apparatus needed to perform deposition of a material for forming a film, or may refer to an apparatus for uniformly supplying a source material for etching or polishing of a material. In the following description, for convenience of explanation, it is assumed that a substrate processing apparatus is a semiconductor deposition apparatus.

The body portion 110 may include a discharge path 115, a first partition W1, and a second partition W2. The discharge path 115 may be formed in the body portion 110 and may be connected to the discharge hole 170. The first partition W1 may extend from the body portion 110 protruding toward the substrate support unit 140. The second partition W2 may be arranged between the gas supply unit 130 and the first partition W1, and like the first partition W1, may extend from the body portion 110 protruding toward the substrate support unit 140.

The conduit 120 may be a gas supply channel of the substrate processing apparatus. The conduit 120 may be connected to the gas supply unit 130 by penetrating through at least part, for example, the center portion, of the body portion 110. When a deposition apparatus is an atomic layer deposition apparatus, a source gas, a purge gas, and/or a reaction gas may be supplied through the conduit 120. When the deposition apparatus is a pulsed chemical vapor deposition apparatus, reaction gases supplied through the conduit 120 may be gases that are mutually reactive.

The gas supply unit 130 may be connected to the body portion 110. For example, the gas supply unit 130 may be arranged in the body portion 110. In detail, the gas supply unit 130 may be fixed to the body portion 110 by a fixing member (not shown). The gas supply unit 130 may be configured to supply a gas to a target subject S in a reaction space 150. For example, the gas supply unit 130 may be a showerhead assembly configured to uniformly supply a gas. A first region S1 between the first partition W1 and the second partition W2 and a second region S2 between the gas supply unit 130 and the second partition W2 may be connected to the discharge path 115 of the body portion 110.

The gas supply unit 130 may include a conductive body and may be used as an electrode to generate plasma. For example, as the gas supply unit 130 is connected to a radio frequency (RF) rod (not shown), the gas supply unit 130 may function as an electrode to generate plasma.

The substrate support unit 140 may be configured to provide an area in which the target subject S such as a semiconductor or display substrate is accommodated. Furthermore, the substrate support unit 140 may be configured to contact a lower surface of the first partition W1. For example, the substrate support unit 140 may be supported by a support portion (not shown) capable of performing vertical and rotational motions. As the substrate support unit 140 is separated from the first partition W1 or in contact with the first partition W1 by the motions of the support portion, the reaction space 150 may be opened or closed. Furthermore, the substrate support unit 140 may be a conductive body and may be used as an electrode to generate plasma, that is, a counter electrode of a gas supply electrode.

A first discharge channel E1 and a second discharge channel E2 may be formed in the body portion 110. The first discharge channel E1 may connect the first region S1 between the first partition W1 and the second partition W2 to the discharge path 115. The second discharge channel E2 may connect the second region S2 between the gas supply unit 130 and the second partition W2 to the discharge path 115. At least part of the first discharge channel E1 and/or the second discharge channel E2 may be formed in a form of a through-hole (see FIG. 12).

The second partition W2 arranged between the gas supply unit 130 and the first partition W1 may provide the reaction space 150 for processing, for example, deposition, etching, or polishing, of a substrate. The actual size of the reaction space 150 may be reduced due to the configuration of the second partition W2, that is, the configuration of dividing a space between the first partition W1 and the gas supply unit 130 into the first region S1 and the second region S2.

The reduction of the size of the reaction space 150 may be clearly understood by the comparison with the substrate processing apparatus of FIG. 2. When compared to the substrate processing apparatus of FIG. 2 in which only the first partition W1 is formed, in the substrate processing apparatus of FIG. 1, the second partition W2 is additionally arranged between the gas supply unit 130 and the first partition W1, and thus the size of the reaction space 150 is reduced.

A deposition reaction speed may be improved through the reduction of the size the reaction space 150. In processes using various types of gases, for example, an ALD process, a pulsed CVD process, etc., to form a film of one type, a changing speed of the gases is dependent on the size of the reaction space 150. In other words, as the reaction space 150 decreases, the volume of a related gas to fill the reaction space 150 decreases. Accordingly, the changing speed between the gases, that is, a changing speed such as switching to control supply of a gas, may be faster and the number of substrates processed per unit time (productivity) may be improved. Furthermore, unnecessary reaction space may be reduced and the amount of residual gas after processing may be reduced, thereby enabling efficient process and substrate processing.

The gas of the reaction space 150 may be discharged to the discharge path 115 via a gap G between the second partition W2 and the gas supply unit 130 through the first discharge channel E1. The gap G may be formed as the second partition W2 maintained a non-contact state with the substrate support unit 140, that is, the second partition W2 does not contact the substrate support unit 140. The discharge through the gap G may prevent generation of a vortex of the gas, for example, the source gas, the reactive gas, etc., which may be formed at an edge of the reaction space 150. Accordingly, uniformity of reaction, for example, deposition, at an edge of the substrate may be improved (see FIG. 5).

The second discharge channel E2 may discharge the gas in the second region S2 between the gas supply unit 130 and the second partition W2 to the discharge path 115. Accordingly, the gas confined to a dead volume beside the gas supply unit 130, that is, a residual gas in the second region S2, may be discharged.

The flow rate of the gas supplied by the gas supply unit 130 may be substantially the same as a sum of a flow rate of the gas discharged from the first region S1 to the discharge path 115 through the first discharge channel E1 and a flow rate of the gas discharged from the second region S2 to the discharge path 115 through the second discharge channel E2. Accordingly, by adjusting a ratio of the size, for example, a diameter, of the first discharge channel E1 and the second discharge channel E2, discharge efficiency around the edge of the substrate may be controlled. Furthermore, by adjusting the size of the gap, discharge efficiency and film uniformity may be controlled.

FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematic cross-sectional views of substrate processing apparatuses according to other embodiments. The substrate processing apparatus according to the present embodiment may be modified examples of the substrate processing apparatuses according to the above-described embodiments. Redundant descriptions between the embodiments are omitted in the following description.

Referring to FIG. 3, the second discharge channel E2 may be formed around an edge of the gas supply unit 130. For example, a recessed surface may be formed at the edge of the gas supply unit 130, and the second discharge channel E2 may be formed in the recessed surface of the gas supply unit 130.

The recessed surface is introduced to further reduce the size of the reaction space 150. The second region S2 between the gas supply unit 130 and the second partition W2 may be communicated to the second discharge channel E2 via the space between the recessed surface and the body portion 110. The direction of a path P from the second region S2 to the second discharge channel E2 may be changed at least two times due to the above communication structure.

Referring to FIG. 4, the substrate processing apparatus may further include an insulating plate 180 arranged on the gas supply unit 130. The insulating plate 180 may be arranged on the gas supply unit 130. In an embodiment, the insulating plate 180 may be arranged between the body portion 110 and the gas supply unit 130.

The second discharge channel E2 may be formed around an edge of the insulating plate 180. For example, a recessed surface may be formed at the edge of the insulating plate 180, and the second discharge channel E2 may be formed on the recessed surface of the insulating plate 180.

The second region S2 between the gas supply unit 130 and the second partition W2 may be communicated with the second discharge channel E2 via the space between the recessed surface of the insulating plate 180 and the body portion 110. The direction of a path P from the second region S2 to the second discharge channel E2 may be changed at least two times due to the above communication structure.

As illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, the size of the reaction space 150 may be further reduced by the gas supply unit 130 or the recessed surface of the insulating plate 180.

Furthermore, the recessed surface may facilitate processing of the body portion 110. For example, when the second discharge channel E2 is formed without the recessed surface, a distance between the first discharge channel E1 and the second discharge channel E2 may be identical to a thickness D1 of the second partition W2.

In contrast, as the communication structure through the recessed surface is implemented, the distance between the first discharge channel E1 and the second discharge channel E2 may be increased from D1 to D2. Accordingly, mechanical stability for processing of the body portion 110 may be improved. In other words, in performing a mechanical processing process to form the first discharge channel E1 and the second discharge channel E2, a thickness of D2-D1 may be further secured, and thus mechanical deformation that may occur during processing of the partition may be prevented. As such, the discharge structure using the recessed surface, that is, the structure of changing the direction of a discharge path from the second region S2 to the second discharge channel E2 at least two times, may have technical effects of not only reducing the size of the reaction space 150, but also improving stability of mechanical processing.

In some embodiments, at least part of the discharge path 115 may overlap the gas supply unit 130. In other words, the discharge path 115 may extend in a lateral direction so that the direction of a discharge path of the second discharge channel E2 is changed according to the recessed surface and extends in a vertical direction to be connected to the discharge path 115. Accordingly, the gas supply unit 130, the second discharge channel E2 on the gas supply unit 130, and the discharge path 115 may overlap one another in the vertical direction.

For example, as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, the recessed surface may be formed at the edge of the gas supply unit 130 or the insulating plate 180, and the second discharge channel E2 may be formed by the recessed surface. In this case, the discharge path 115 connected to the second discharge channel E2 may be arranged such that a relative position of the discharge path 115 may vertically overlap the gas supply unit 130.

Although FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate the gas supply unit 130 and the insulating plate 180 as separate elements, the gas supply unit 130 may be configured to include the insulating plate 180. In other words, the insulating plate 180 may be implemented as a partial element of the gas supply unit 130. Accordingly, in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the recessed surface formed at the edge of the gas supply unit 130 may be interpreted to be the recessed surface of the insulating plate 180 included in the gas supply unit 130.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a substrate processing apparatus according to an embodiment. The substrate processing apparatus according to the present embodiment may be modified examples of the substrate processing apparatuses according to the above-described embodiments. Redundant descriptions between the embodiments are omitted in the following description.

Referring to FIG. 5, the substrate support unit 140 may be configured to form the reaction space 150 with the body portion 110. A partition W may protrude from the body portion 110 to extend toward the substrate support unit 140. The reaction space 150 may be formed between the gas supply unit 130 and the substrate support unit 140 due to the partition structure.

The gap G communicating with the reaction space 150 may be formed between the partition W and the substrate support unit 140. The gap structure may prevent a vortex phenomenon of a gas that may occur at an edge of the reaction space 150.

When the gap is not formed between the partition W and the substrate support unit 140, a speed of a gas F1 ascending close to the partition W decreases due to resistance of the partition W. In detail, the gas F1 ascending close to the partition W may have a speed that is relatively less than the speed of a gas F2 moving away from the partition W. The speed difference causes a density difference between the gases F1 and F2 (and a pressure difference according thereto). The pressure difference may generate a vortex of the gas.

In contrast, according to the embodiments of the present inventive concept, as the gap G is formed between the partition W and the substrate support unit 140, the vortex phenomenon may be prevented or reduced. In other words, the vortex phenomenon may be reduced as a gas F1′ close to the partition W escapes through the gap G instead of ascending along the partition W. As a result, uniformity of deposition at the edge of substrate S may be improved.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a substrate processing apparatus 100 according to another embodiment. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the substrate processing apparatus 100 of FIG. 6, taken along a line II-II′ of FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion Q of FIG. 7.

The substrate processing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment may be modified examples of the substrate processing apparatuses according to the above-described embodiments. Redundant descriptions between the embodiments are omitted in the following description.

Referring to FIGS. 6 to 8, the substrate processing apparatus 100 may include the substrate support unit 140, the body portion 110 arranged on the substrate support unit 140, the gas supply unit 130 mounted on an inner circumferential surface of the body portion 110, a support member 270 arranged between the gas supply unit 130 and the body portion 110, and a gas supply portion 240 supplying a process gas to the gas supply unit 130.

The substrate support unit 140 may support a substrate and may have a main surface on which the substrate is accommodated. The substrate support unit 140 may be, for example, a susceptor. In some embodiments, the substrate support unit 140 may be configured to be able to rotate and/or move by being connected to a moving portion 250 provided at one side of the substrate support unit 140.

At least one hole 155 that perpendicularly penetrates through the main surface of the substrate support unit 140 may be formed in the substrate support unit 140. The hole 155 may accommodate at least one lift pin.

The body portion 110 may be arranged on the main surface of the substrate support unit 140 and may have a hollow portion 113 with an exposed upper portion.

An opening is formed in each of an upper surface and a lower surface of the body portion 110, the hollow portion 113 may extend between the openings of the upper surface and the lower surface. In other words, the body portion 110 may have a shape in which the interior of the body portion 110 is exposed to the outside through the openings of the upper and lower surfaces of the body portion 110. However, a lower portion of the hollow portion 113 may be closed by the substrate support unit 140.

The hollow portion 113 may be divided into an upper space 113 b and a lower space 113 a by the gas supply unit 130. The upper space 113 b may signify a space between the opening of the upper surface of the body portion 110 and the gas supply unit 130. The lower space 113 a may signify a space between the gas supply unit 130 and the substrate support unit 140. The lower space 113 a may be provided as a reaction space in which a deposition process is performed on a substrate placed on the substrate support unit 140.

The reaction space is an area surrounded by the gas supply unit 130, the substrate support unit 140, and the body portion 110, which signifies a space in which a thin film is formed on a substrate through a chemical reaction of a gas supplied through the gas supply unit 130.

The discharge path 115 extending from the lower space 113 a toward the discharge hole 170 provided in the upper portion of the body portion 110 may be formed in a wall of the body portion 110. In other words, a discharge gas generated in the lower space 113 a during a deposition process may be discharged to the discharge hole 170 through the discharge path 115. In other words, the substrate processing apparatus 100 may have an upward discharge structure.

The discharge channel E1 extending from the lower space 113 a toward the discharge hole 170 provided in the upper portion of the body portion 110, and the discharge path 115, may be formed in the partition of the body portion 110. In other words, the discharge gas generated in the lower space 113 a during the deposition process may be discharged to the discharge hole 170 via the discharge channel E1 and the discharge path 115.

The gap G may be formed between the body portion 110 and the substrate support unit 140. The gap G may spatially connect the lower space 113 a that is a reaction area and the discharge channel E1. As described above, as the gap G is formed, a vortex phenomenon that may be generated due to a pressure difference between a gas close to the partition and a gas away from the partition may be reduced.

The gas supply unit 130 may be provided in an inner circumference of the body portion 110 and spaced apart from the substrate support unit 140 with the lower space 113 a interposed therebetween. The gas supply unit 130 supplies a process gas toward the lower space 113 a through a plurality of gas nozzle penetrating through the gas supply unit 130, and may generate plasma in the lower space 113 a by receiving an RF power.

For example, the gas supply unit 130 may include a back plate 132 and a showerhead electrode 131 coupled to the back plate 132. A gas supply channel 246 extending from the gas supply portion 240 is formed in the back plate 132. A plurality of nozzles penetrating through one surface and the other surface of the showerhead electrode 131 facing each other may be formed in the showerhead electrode 131. The process gas flowing from a gas inlet 245 of the gas supply portion 240 may pass to the showerhead electrode 131 via the gas supply channel 246. The process gas may be supplied to the lower space 113 a through the nozzles of the showerhead electrode 131.

The showerhead electrode 131 may be connected to an RF connector 182 for supplying RF power from a power supply unit disposed above.

The showerhead electrode 131 may include a metal containing material, for example, aluminum (Al). The back plate 132 may include an insulating body, for example, ceramic.

The gas supply portion 240 may include a gas inlet tube 241 where the gas inlet 245 is formed and a flange portion 242 arranged between the gas inlet tube 241 and the gas supply unit 130. The flange portion 242 may be an insulating body.

The gas inlet 245 formed in the gas inlet tube 241 may be provided in plurality. In particular, in a process such as an atomic layer deposition process in which mixing of process gases is prohibited, the number of the gas inlets 245 may be determined according to the number of process gases. However, for gases that are not reactive with one another without a process gas exciting means such as plasma, the gases may be supplied through the same gas inlet 245.

In some embodiments, the body portion 110 may include a support step 218 that inwardly protrudes along an inner circumferential surface of the body portion 110. The gas supply unit 130 may be supported by the support member 270 arranged on the support step 218. In other words, a lower side of the support member 270 contacts the support step 218 of the body portion 110, and an upper side of the support member 270 may contact the gas supply unit 130. The partition of the body portion 110 and the showerhead electrode 131 of the gas supply unit 130 may be connected to each other by the support member 270.

The support member 270 may extend along the inner circumferential surface of the body portion 110. The lower space 113 a may be blocked from the outside by the support member 270. Furthermore, the gas supply unit 130 may be arranged on the support member 270 without directly contacting the body portion 110 and spaced apart from the body portion 110.

In some embodiments, a sealing member 280 may be used to efficiently separate the lower space 113 a from the upper space 113 b. An O-ring may be used as the sealing member 280, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

The sealing member 280 may be arranged, for example, at a portion where the support member 270 and the support step 218 of a chamber contact each other and at a portion where the support member 270 and the gas supply unit 130 contact each other. In detail, the sealing member 280 arranged between the support member 270 and the support step 218 and between the support member 270 and the gas supply unit 130 may prevent the reactive gas of the lower space 113 a from leaking to the upper space 113 b.

FIGS. 9 and 10 are schematic cross-sectional views of substrate processing apparatuses according to other embodiments. The substrate processing apparatuses of FIGS. 9 and 10 may be modified examples of the substrate processing apparatuses according to the embodiments of FIGS. 7 and 8. Redundant descriptions between the embodiments are omitted in the following description.

Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, the body portion 110 having the discharge path 115 formed inside may be connected to the gas supply unit 130. In detail, the body portion 110 may be connected to the gas supply unit 130 via the sealing member 280.

The first partition W1 may extend from the body portion 110 and the substrate support unit 140 may have surface-sealing with the first partition W1. The second partition W2 may extend from the body portion 110 like the first partition W1, and may be arranged between the gas supply unit 130 and the first partition W1.

The first region S1 between the first partition W1 and the second partition W2 and the second region S2 between the gas supply unit 130 and the second partition W2 may be connected to the discharge path 115 of the body portion 110. In detail, the first region S1 between the first partition W1 and the second partition W2 may be communicated with the first discharge channel E1 connected to the discharge path 115. Furthermore, the second region S2 between the gas supply unit 130 and the second partition W2 may be communicated with the second discharge channel E2 connected to the discharge path 115. Furthermore, a gap may be formed between the second partition W2 and the gas supply unit 130.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a film deposition method (plasma atomic layer deposition method) using the substrate processing apparatuses according to other embodiments. The film deposition method according to the present embodiment may be performed by using the substrate processing apparatus illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 10. In other words, a controller included in the substrate processing apparatus may be configured to perform a film deposition method that is described later. Redundant descriptions between the embodiments are omitted in the following description.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 10 and FIG. 11, the controller may be configured to supply two types of source gases through the gas supply unit 130. Furthermore, the controller may be configured to supply or apply plasma to the reaction space 113 a or 150. The source gases and the plasma may be supplied alternately and/or in a pulse form. Furthermore, at least part of the gases may be continuously supplied during the deposition process.

For example, as a first gas is supplied to the reaction space 113 a or 150 for a time from t0 to t1, the first gas is chemisorbed on a substrate. Then, the supply of the first gas is stopped for a time from t1 to t2 and a purge gas is supplied to the reaction space 113 a or 150 and thus the first gas remaining in the reaction space 113 a or 150 is discharged to the outside of the reactor. A second gas is supplied to the reaction space 113 a or 150 for a time from t2 to t3. A thin film layer is formed as the second gas performs chemical reaction with the first gas that is chemisorbed on the substrate.

To form the thin film layer at low temperature, that is, to enable a chemical reaction at low temperature, plasma is supplied or applied for a time from t2 to t3. To this end, RF power may be applied to the gas supply unit 130. Then, the supply of the second gas is stopped for a time from t3 to t4 and the purge gas is supplied again, and thus the remaining second gas is removed from the reactor. Although in the embodiment of FIG. 11 plasma is supplied or applied during the supply of the second gas, the plasma may be supplied or applied in synchronism with the supply of the first gas.

The one time process of forming a unit thin film is defined as a cycle. In other words, a time from t0 to t4 illustrated in FIG. 11 is defined as one cycle (1 cycle) and the cycle is repeated several times and thus a thin film of a desired thickness may be formed.

The discharge during the atomic layer deposition process may be performed by the following sequence.

-   -   Gas discharge for a first step (t0-t1) of supplying a source gas         A (which may include a carrier gas)     -   Gas discharge for a second step (t1-t2) of purging the source         gas A by supplying a purge gas     -   Gas discharge for a third step (t2-t3) of supplying a source gas         B     -   Gas discharge for a fourth step (t3-t4) of purging the source         gas B by supplying a purge gas

The source gases A and B and/or the purge gas may be supplied to the reaction space 113 a or 150 through the gas supply unit 130 during the first step to the fourth step. In some embodiments, these gases may be distributed and discharged through the first region S1 between the first partition W1 and the second partition W2 and the second region S2 between the gas supply unit 130 and the second partition W2.

A changing cycle for supplying the source gas A and the source gas B may be determined based on the position of the second partition W2. Furthermore, the changing cycle may be determined based on the size of the gap G between the second partition W2 and the gas supply unit 130. Furthermore, the changing cycle between the source gas and the purge gas may be determined by the above structures.

For example, as the second partition W2 is arranged closer to the gas supply unit 130, the changing cycle for the supply of the source gas (or purge gas) may be shortened. Furthermore, as the size of the gap G between the second partition W2 and the substrate support unit 140 decreases, the changing cycle for the supply of the source gas (or purge gas) may be increased.

In some embodiments, during a time section of at least part of the first step to the fourth step, a flow rate of a gas escaping from the first region S1 through the first discharge channel E1 may be less than a flow rate of a gas escaping from the second region S2 through the second discharge channel E2. For example, a sectional area of the first discharge channel E1 may be smaller than a sectional area of the second discharge channel E2, and thus a flow rate of the gas escaping through the first discharge channel E1 may be less than a flow rate of the gas escaping through the second discharge channel E2.

Furthermore, during a time section of at least part of the first step to the fourth step, the flow rate of the gas escaping from the first region S1 through the first discharge channel E1 may be greater than the flow rate of the gas escaping from the second region S2 through the second discharge channel E2. In particular, at a changing point from one step to another step, when the gas remaining in the reaction area is discharged with a newly supplied gas through the first discharge channel E1, a flow rate of the gas escaping through the first discharge channel E1, that is, a sum of a flow rate of the gas remaining in the reaction area and a flow rate of the newly supplied, may be greater than a flow rate of a gas escaping from the second region S2 through the second discharge channel E2 (flow rate of the newly supplied gas).

Although the technical concept of the present inventive concept is described in the drawings and the detailed description based on the atomic layer deposition process, the technical concept may be applied to a chemical vapor deposition process. In other words, according to the technical concept of the present inventive concept, each of the first gas and the second gas is distributed and discharged though two discharge channels, and the technical concept may be applied to the atomic layer deposition process in which a cycle including a first step of supplying the first gas and a second step of supplying the second gas that is not reactive with the first gas is performed at least once, or applied to a chemical vapor deposition process, in particular, a pulsed chemical vapor deposition process, in which a cycle including a first step of supplying the first gas and a second step of supplying the second gas that is reactive with the first gas is performed at least once.

FIGS. 12 and 13 are schematic cross-sectional views of substrate processing apparatuses according to other embodiments. The substrate processing apparatus according to the present embodiment may be modified examples of the substrate processing apparatuses according to the above-described embodiments. Redundant descriptions between the embodiments are omitted in the following description.

Referring to FIG. 12, in a reactor 1, a reaction space 18 is formed as a reactor wall 2 and a susceptor 25 perform face-contact and face-sealing with each other. A substrate is mounted on the susceptor 25 and a lower portion of the susceptor 25 is connected to a device (not shown) capable of ascending/descending to load/unload the substrate.

An inner space of the reactor wall 2 may be divided by a first partition 5 into a first region 3 and a second region 4. The first region 3 and the second region 4 respectively correspond to an upper region and a lower region of the reactor 1. The first region 3 may be divided by a second partition 6 into a third region 8 and a fourth region 13.

Furthermore, the first region 3 may be divided by a third partition 7 into the fourth region 13 and a fifth region 14 In other words, as the third partition 7 is arranged between the reactor wall 2 and the second partition 6, the fourth region 13 and the fifth region 14 may be formed.

A first through-hole 9 may be formed in the third region 8. The first through-hole 9 penetrates through the first partition 5 and connects the third region 8 that is an upper space of the reactor 1 and the second region 4 that is a lower space of the reactor 1. A first step 15 is formed between the first through-hole 9 and the third region 8.

A sixth region 17 is formed between the second region 4 and the first partition 5. The width of the first through-hole 9 penetrating through the third region 8 gradually increases toward the sixth region 17. A space of the first through-hole 9 that increases toward the sixth region 17 may be filled with external air. The external air serves as an insulator during a plasma process, and thus generation of parasitic plasma in the space may be prevented. Furthermore, the sixth region 17 may further include a fourth partition 19, and the fourth partition 19 may support a back plate 20.

A gas inlet portion is inserted in the first through-hole 9. The gas inlet portion may include a first gas inlet 6 and a flange 27, and may further include a first gas supply channel 28 penetrating through the inside of the gas inlet portion. The first gas supply channel 28 penetrates through the first gas inlet 6 and the flange 27 and extends to the second region 4. A sealing member such as an O-ring may be inserted in a coupling surface between the first gas inlet 6 and the flange 27, and thus the first gas supply channel 28 may be isolated from the external air. A first gas supply path 29 and a second gas supply path 30 are connected to the first gas inlet 26 to supply a gas used for processing a substrate. For example, a source gas, a reactive gas, and a purge gas used for an atomic layer deposition process are supplied to the reaction space 18 via the first gas supply path 29, the second gas supply path 30, and the first gas supply channel 28. The flange 27 may be formed of an insulator and may prevent leakage of plasma power during the plasma process.

The reactor 1 may further include a second through-hole 10 that penetrates through one surface of the third partition 7. The second through-hole 10 is connected to the second region 4 by sequentially penetrating through the third partition 7 and the first partition 5. An upper portion of the second through-hole 10 is coupled to a second gas inlet 31. A sealing member such as an O-ring is inserted in a coupling surface between the second through-hole 10 and the second gas inlet 31, and thus intrusion of the external air may be prevented. The source gas, the reactive gas, or the purge gas may be supplied through the second gas inlet 31 and the second through-hole 10. As described above, the second through-hole 10 may be plurally provided.

The back plate 20, a gas channel 21, and a gas supply plate 22 may be sequentially arranged between the first partition 5 and the reaction space 18. The gas supply plate 22 and the gas channel 21 may be coupled by using a coupling member. The gas channel 21 and the first partition 5 may be coupled by using another coupling member.

For example, the gas channel 21 and the first partition 5 may be coupled through the back plate 20. As a result, the back plate 20, the gas channel 21, and the gas supply plate 22 may be sequentially stacked above the fourth partition 19 protruding from the first partition 5. The gas supply plate 22 may include a plurality of holes for supplying a gas to a substrate (not shown) in the reaction space 18. For example, a gas supply unit including the gas channel 21 and the gas supply plate 22 may be a showerhead, and in another example, the gas supply unit may be a device for uniformly supplying a material for etching or polishing an object.

A gas flow channel 24 is formed between the gas channel 21 and the gas supply plate 22. A gas supplied through the first gas supply channel 28 may be uniformly supplied to the gas supply plate 22. A width of the gas flow channel 24 may gradually decrease from a center portion toward a peripheral portion thereof.

A third through-hole 23 may be formed in the back plate 20 and one surface of the gas channel 21. A second step 16 may be formed between the back plate 20, the gas channel 21, and the third through-hole 23. According to the present inventive concept, the third through-hole 23 may penetrate through center portions of the back plate 20 and the gas channel 21, and the flange 27 of the gas inlet portion may be inserted in the first step 15 and to the second step 16.

A sealing member such as an O-ring may be inserted between the flange 27 and the second step 16, between the first partition 5 and the back plate 20, and/or between the back plate 20 and the gas channel 21. Accordingly, isolation from the external air may be obtained.

The reactor 1 may further include a fourth through-hole 11 penetrating through one surface of the back plate 20, and a fifth through-hole 12 penetrating through one surface of the gas channel 21. The fourth through-hole 11 and the fifth through-hole 12 may be connected to the second through-hole 10. Accordingly, the gas supplied through the second through-hole 10 is supplied to the gas flow channel 24.

The fifth through-hole 12 may penetrate through the gas supply plate 22 in a perpendicular direction, or may penetrate through the gas channel 21 in an inclined direction as illustrated in FIG. 12. Furthermore, the penetration direction may lead toward the inside of the gas flow channel 24 or the outside thereof. Furthermore, the fifth through-hole 12 may be arranged between the center and the edge of the gas flow channel 24, or arranged spaced apart from the edge. Alternatively, the position of the fifth through-hole 12 may be determined to correspond to the position of a patterned structure having a large specific surface area of the substrate to be processed.

The fourth through-hole 11 and/or the fifth through-hole 12 may be spaced apart a certain distance from the center portions of the back plate 20 and the gas channel 21 and may form a plurality of through-holes in a horizontal direction. Alternatively, the fourth through-hole 11 and/or the fifth through-hole 12 may form a plurality of through-holes in a vertical direction while mainlining a certain distance toward the center portions of the back plate 20 and the gas channel 21. In the fourth through-hole 11 and/or the fifth through-hole 12, the interval between the through-holes may be adjusted according to a desired process.

A buffer space 38 may be further formed between the second through-hole 10 and the fourth through-hole 11. The buffer space 38 may retain the gas supplied through the second through-hole 10 so to be uniformly supplied to the fourth through-hole 11. In some embodiments, the buffer space 38 may be formed between the fourth through-hole 11 and the fifth through-hole 12.

A first discharge portion 32 is formed in the reactor wall 2 of the reactor 1. The first discharge portion 32 may include a first discharge hole 33 and a first discharge channel 34. The first discharge channel 34 of the first discharge portion 32 is connected to the fifth region 14 via the first discharge hole 33 penetrating through the first partition 5.

An upper portion of the fifth region 14 may be coupled to a discharge path cover 36, forming a discharge path. A sealing member such as an O-ring is inserted in a coupling surface between the fifth region 14 and the discharge path cover 36, thereby isolating the discharge path from the external air. Furthermore, one surface of the discharge path cover 36 may include a gas outlet 35. The gas outlet 35 may be connected to a discharge pump (not shown) to discharge the gas.

An upper portion of the fourth region 13 of the reactor 1 may be coupled to an upper cover 37 for safety. The upper cover 37 may protect an RF distribution plate 39 from the outside.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the reactor 1 viewed in a different direction. Referring to FIG. 13, in addition to the gas supply channel 28 of FIG. 12, at least one sixth through-hole 43 connected to the second region 4 by penetrating through another surface of the first partition 5 may be formed in the first partition 5 of the reactor 1. The sixth through-hole 43 may be arranged between the second partition 6 and the third partition 7.

A coupling member 40 may be inserted in the sixth through-hole 43, and thus the gas channel 21 and the first partition 5 may be mechanically coupled to each other by the coupling member 40. The back plate 20 may include a hole in one surface thereof, through which the coupling member 40 passes. The back plate 20 with the gas channel 21 may be mechanically coupled to the first partition 5. The coupling member 40 may be a conductive body and may be a screw.

A support member 41 is inserted around the coupling member 40, and the support member 41 is formed of an insulating body. Accordingly, the coupling member 40 and the first partition 5 may be electrically insulated from each other by the support member 41, and thus the leakage of plasma power during the plasma process may be prevented.

The gas channel 21 and the gas supply plate 22 may be formed of a conductive body. Accordingly, the gas channel 21 and the gas supply plate 22 may serve as an electrode to transfer the plasma power during the plasma process plasma.

The flange 27, the back plate 20, and the support member 41 may be formed of an insulating body. Accordingly, the plasma power may be prevented from being leaked through the reactor wall 2 via the first partition 5. Furthermore, by filling the first through-hole 9 and the sixth region 17 around the flange 27 with the external air, generation of parasitic plasma in the space may be prevented.

The gas channel 21 and the gas supply plate 22 arranged in a lower region (the second region 4) may be coupled to each other by a separate coupling member 42. The coupling member 42 may be formed of a conductive body and may be a screw. In some embodiments, the gas channel 21 and the gas supply plate 22 included in gas supply unit may be integrally formed.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a discharge portion of the substrate processing apparatus. Referring to FIG. 14, the discharge portion may include the first discharge portion 2 and a second discharge portion 44. The first discharge portion 32 may include the first discharge hole 33 and the first discharge channel 34. The second discharge portion 44 may include a second discharge hole 45 and a second discharge channel 46. The first and second discharge holes 33 and 45 may penetrate through the first partition 5. Furthermore, the first and second discharge holes 33 and 45 may connect the discharge path, that is, the fifth region 14, and the discharge channels 34 and 46.

In the reaction space 18, the residual gas left after a chemical reaction with the substrate is discharged through the first and second discharge portions 32 and 44. Most residual gas may flow to a region “A” via a discharge gap 48. Then, the residual gas in the region “A” may pass through the first discharge portion 32 and may be discharged to the fifth region 14 that is a discharge path.

The gas confined to a region “B” that is a blind spot next to the gas channel and the gas supply plate may be discharged to the fifth region 14 that is a discharge path through the second discharge portion 44. The diameters of the first discharge hole 33 and the second discharge hole 45 may be identical to or different from the diameters of the first discharge channel 34 and the second discharge channel 46, respectively. By appropriately adjusting the ratio of the diameters of the first discharge hole 33, the second discharge hole 45, the first discharge channel 34, and/or second discharge channel 46, discharge efficiency at around the edge portion of the substrate may be controlled and the uniformity of a film may be adjusted accordingly. Furthermore, by adjusting the size of the discharge gap 48, the discharge efficiency and the uniformity of a film may be controlled.

FIGS. 15 to 17 are schematic perspective views of reactors according to other embodiments and substrate processing apparatuses including the reactors. The substrate processing apparatus according to the present embodiment may be modified examples of the substrate processing apparatuses according to the above-described embodiments. Redundant descriptions between the embodiments are omitted in the following description.

Referring to FIG. 15, the reactor according to the present embodiment may further include a protection cover 50, in addition to the first gas inlet 26, the gas outlet 35, and the discharge path cover 36. The protection cover 50 is a protection cover to protect an RF delivery plate 52.

FIGS. 16 and 17 illustrate that the protection cover 50 is removed. Referring to FIGS. 16 and 17, the RF delivery plate 52 is connected to the RF distribution plate 39. The RF distribution plate 39 is electrically connected to a plurality of RF rods 54. In an embodiment, for the uniform supply of RF power, the RF rods 54 may be symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the gas channel 21, for example, the center of the first gas inlet 26.

An upper portion of the RF delivery plate 52 may be connected to an RF generator (not shown). A lower portion of the RF delivery plate 52 may be connected to the RF distribution plate 39. The RF distribution plate 39 may be connected to the RF rods 54.

Accordingly, the RF power generated by the RF generator is delivered to the gas channel 21 via the RF delivery plate 52, the RF distribution plate 39, and the RF rods 54. The gas channel 21 is mechanically connected to the gas supply plate 22, and the gas channel 21 and the gas supply plate 22 altogether may serve as RF electrodes.

At least one of the RF rods 54 may be installed in the reactor. The RF rods 54 may be arranged to penetrate through a portion of the first partition 5 of FIG. 12 arranged between the second partition 6 of FIG. 12 and the third partition 7 of FIG. 12. In an additional embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 17, at least two of the RF rods 54 may be arranged, and the RF rods 54 may be symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the reactor. The symmetric arrangement may enable the RF power to be uniformly supplied to the RF electrodes 21 and 22.

In some embodiments, a cartridge heater (not shown) may be installed above the reactor wall 2 to heat the reactor wall. A plurality of cartridge heaters may be symmetrically arranged, and thus a uniform temperature gradation of the reactor wall 2 may be achieved.

FIGS. 18 and 19 schematically illustrate structures of reactors according to other embodiments. The reactors according to the present embodiments may be a perspective view (FIG. 18) and a bottom view (FIG. 19) of the back plate 20 according to the above-described embodiments.

Referring to FIGS. 18 and 19, the second partition 6 may be arranged spaced apart a certain distance from the center of the upper space of the reactor wall 2. The third partition 7 may be arranged between the sidewall of the reactor wall 2 and the second partition 6. The gas supply channel 28 of FIG. 12 extending from the upper space to the lower space may be provided by the structure of the second partition 6.

The fourth partition 19 may contact an upper surface of the back plate 20 of FIG. 12 to support the back plate 20.

The coupling member 40 and the support member 41 may be inserted in a screw hole 56. Accordingly, the gas channel 21 of FIG. 12 and the back plate 20 of FIG. 12 may be mechanically connected to the first partition 5 of FIG. 12.

The RF rods 54 are inserted in a plurality of RF rod holes 58 and electrically connected to the gas channel 21.

A discharge path is formed in the fifth region 14, and the first discharge hole 33 and the second discharge hole 45 may be respectively connected to the first discharge channel 34 of FIG. 14 and the second discharge channel 46 of FIG. 14, forming a discharge portion.

The width of the first through-hole 9 may gradually increase toward the sixth region 17 of FIG. 12. The space of the sixth region 17 may be filled with the external air and may serve as an insulating body during the plasma process. Accordingly, the generation of parasitic plasma in the space formed by the first through-hole 9 may be prevented.

FIGS. 20 and 21 schematically illustrate structures of the back plates 20 according to other embodiments. The reactors (=back plates?) according to the present embodiments may be a perspective view (FIG. 20) and a bottom view (FIG. 21) of the back plate 20 according to the above-described embodiments.

The back plate 20 is located between the first partition 5 of FIG. 12 and the gas channel 21 of FIG. 12. Furthermore, the back plate 20 formed of an insulating body may serve as an insulator to isolate the first partition 5 of FIG. 12 from the gas channel 21 and the gas supply plate 22, which are the RF electrodes, during the plasma process.

The fourth through-holes 11 may be plurally formed spaced apart a certain distance from the center of the back plate 20 in upper/lower surface of the back plate 20. The fourth through-holes 11 may receive a gas from the second through-hole 10 of FIG. 12 and supply the gas to the fifth through-hole 12 of FIG. 12 penetrating through the gas channel 21 of FIG. 12. The third through-hole 23 is located at a center portion of the back plate 20, and the flange 27 of FIG. 12 is inserted in the third through-hole 23.

FIGS. 22 to 24 are, respectively, a perspective view, a top view, and a bottom view of the gas channel 21 included in the gas supply unit, according to an embodiment.

The gas channel 21 may include a plurality of fifth through-holes 12 arranged spaced apart a certain distance from the center portion of the gas channel 21.

Referring to FIG. 23, the positions of the fifth through-holes 12 in the upper surface of the gas channel 21 may correspond to the positions of the fourth through-holes 11 of the back plate 20 illustrated in FIGS. 20 and 21.

The fifth through-holes 12 formed in the gas channel 21 may penetrate through the gas channel 21 in a perpendicular direction or in an inclined direction.

For example, referring to FIG. 23, the fifth through-holes 12 may be arranged or formed along a first circumference having a first diameter d on a first surface of the gas channel 21. Furthermore, referring to FIG. 24, the fifth through-holes 12 may be arranged or formed along a second circumference having a second diameter d′ on a second surface of the gas channel 21. In an example, the first diameter d may be greater than the second diameter d′. However, the present inventive concept is not limited thereto, and it may be that d=d′ or d≠d′.

FIG. 25 illustrate various embodiments of the fourth through-hole 11 and the fifth through-hole 12 penetrating through the back plate 20 and the gas channel 21.

As illustrated in FIG. 25, the fifth through-hole 12 penetrating through the gas channel 21 may penetrate through the gas supply plate 22 in a perpendicular direction or an inclined direction. When the fifth through-hole 12 penetrates through the gas supply plate 22 in an inclined direction, the fifth through-hole 12 may lead toward the inside of the gas flow channel 24 or the outside thereof. Although it is not illustrated, the fourth through-hole 11 is not limited to the shape that extends vertically.

FIG. 26 illustrates that the second through-hole 10, the fourth through-hole 11, and the fifth through-hole 12 penetrate through the third partition 7, the first partition 5, the back plate 20, and the gas channel 21, according to another embodiment.

As illustrated in FIG. 26, each of the second gas inlet 31, the second through-hole 10, the buffer space 38, the fourth through-hole 11, and the fifth through-hole 12 is plurally provided and a plurality of gases are supplied to the gas flow channel 24 via the second gas inlets 31. For example, the source gas, the reactive gas, and the purge gas may be supplied through the respective inlets.

The gas supplied to the gas flow channel 24 via the second through-hole 10, the fourth through-hole 11, and the fifth through-hole 12 may be supplied to an edge region of the reaction space 18 via an edge portion under the gas supply plate 22, or to a region between the center portion and the edge portion of the reaction space 18. As a result, the uniformity or characteristics of a film formed in an edge region (edge portion) of the substrate to be processed or in a specific peripheral portion between the center portion and the edge region of the substrate may be selectively controlled.

For example, the uniformity of a film deposited in the edge region of the substrate or in a region between the center portion and the edge portion of the substrate may be selectively controlled according to a flow rate of the gas supplied through the second, fourth, and fifth through-holes 10, 11, and 12, and a degree of inclination of the fifth through-hole 12 penetrating through the gas channel 21. Furthermore, due to these factors, a uniformity deviation from a film deposited at the center portion of the substrate may be reduced or controlled.

For example, a film having a minimum uniformity deviation between the center portion and the edge portion of the substrate may be deposited. In another example, a film having a concave shape, in which the edge portion of the substrate is thicker than the center portion thereof, may be deposited, or a film having a convex shape, in which the center portion of the substrate is thicker than the edge portion thereof, may be deposited. The gas supplied through the second through-hole 10, the fourth through-hole 11, and the fifth through-hole 12 may be an inert gas. In some embodiments, the gas may be the reactive gas and/or the source gas participating in the formation of a film.

FIGS. 27 and 28 are graphs showing a thickness of a SiO2 film deposited on a substrate by a plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) method in a reactor according to an embodiment. The graphs show the effect of the gas supplied through the second through-hole 10, the fourth through-hole 11, and the fifth through-hole 12 on the uniformity of a film, in particular, the uniformity of a film deposited at the edge portion of the substrate.

The horizontal axis of the graphs denotes a distance of 150 mm to the left and right from the center of the wafer when the diameter of the substrate is 300 mm. The vertical axis of the graphs denotes the thickness of a film. In the present embodiment, the effect is evaluated by setting the angle of the fifth through-hole 12 penetrating through the gas channel 21 to 30° and varying a gas flow rate.

TABLE 1 1st through-hole 2nd thru-hole Source Purge Edge RF carrier Ar Ar O2 gas power Pressure (sccm) (sccm) (sccm) (sccm) (W) (Torr) 1000 3500 200 Ar 0~1000 400 2 1000 3500 200 O2 0~500  400 2

As shown in Table 1, through the first through-hole (main hole) that is the gas supply channel, Ar of 1000 sccm was supplied as a source carrier and Ar of 3500 sccm was supplied as a purge gas, and O2 of 200 sccm may be supplied as a reactive gas continuously for an entire process period (Accordingly, a total flow rate is 4,700 sccm). Plasma of 400 watt was supplied and a pressure of 2 torr was maintained in a reaction space during the process.

Oxygen was activated only when plasma is supplied and reacted with source molecules on the substrate. Accordingly, the oxygen serves as a purge gas when plasma is not supplied. Accordingly, oxygen may serve as a reactive purge gas in the present process.

The gas supplied through the second through-hole may be Ar or O2. The gas may be continuously supplied for the entire process period. The flow rate of the gas may be appropriately controlled according to a desired film uniformity around the substrate.

The inventive concept according to the above-described embodiments can be summarized as follows.

-   -   First operation of continuously supplying a source gas, a purge         gas, and a reactive purge gas through a first through-hole     -   Second operation of continuously supplying at least one of the         purge gas and the reactive purge gas through a second         through-hole     -   Third operation of applying plasma     -   The first operation and the second operation may be         simultaneously performed, whereas the third operation may be         temporarily performed while the first operation and the second         operation are performed.

The first through-hole corresponds to the gas supply channel 28 of FIG. 12, and the second through-hole corresponds to the through-holes 10, 11, and 12 of FIG. 12 penetrating through at least part of the gas supply unit.

As illustrated in FIG. 27, it may be seen that, as the flow rate of the Ar gas supplied through the second through-hole increases, the thickness of the film deposited at the edge portion of the substrate decreases. Also, as illustrated in FIG. 28, it may be seen that, as the flow rate of the oxygen gas supplied through the second through-hole increases, the thickness of the film deposited at the edge portion of the substrate increases. In other words, by inducing and controlling a blocking effect on a peripheral portion of the substrate with respect to the source gas and the reactive gas supplied to a peripheral portion of the reaction space, uniformity of a film on the substrate may be controlled.

The embodiment of the present inventive concept may not be construed to be limited to a particular shape of a part described in the present specification and may include a change in the shape generated during manufacturing, for example.

It should be understood that embodiments described herein should be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Descriptions of features or aspects within each embodiment should typically be considered as available for other similar features or aspects in other embodiments.

While one or more embodiments have been described with reference to the figures, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope as defined by the following claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A substrate processing apparatus comprising: a body portion comprising a discharge path; a gas supply unit connected to the body portion; a first partition extending from the body portion; a second partition extending from the body portion and arranged between the gas supply unit and the first partition; and a substrate support unit configured to have surface-sealing with the first partition, wherein a first region between the first partition and the second partition and a second region between the gas supply unit and the second partition are connected to the discharge path.
 2. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein a gap is formed between the second partition and the gas supply unit.
 3. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the body portion further comprises: a first discharge channel connecting the first region between the first partition and the second partition and the discharge path; and a second discharge channel connecting the second region between the gas supply unit and the second partition and the discharge path.
 4. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 3, further comprising an insulating plate arranged on the gas supply unit, wherein the second region is communicated with the second discharge channel via a space between the insulating plate and the body portion.
 5. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 4, wherein the second discharge channel is formed around an edge of the insulating plate.
 6. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 5, wherein the edge of the insulating plate includes a recessed surface, and the second region is communicated with the second discharge channel via a space between the recessed surface and the body portion.
 7. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein a direction of a path from the second region to the second discharge channel is changed at least two times.
 8. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a controller that is configured to perform a cycle at least once, the cycle comprising a first step of supplying a first gas and a second step of supplying a second gas.
 9. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a controller that is configured to perform a cycle a plurality of times, the cycle comprising a first step of supplying a source gas, a second step of purging the source gas, a third step of supplying a reactive gas, and a fourth step of purging the reactive gas.
 10. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 9, wherein each of the source gas and the reactive gas is distributed and discharged through the first region and the second region.
 11. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 10, wherein the source gas and the reactive gas are supplied by the gas supply unit, and a changing cycle for supplying the source gas and the reactive gas is determined based on a position of the second partition arranged between the gas supply unit and the first partition.
 12. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 9, wherein, during a time section of at least part of the first step to the fourth step, a flow rate of a gas escaping from the first region through the first discharge channel is less than a flow rate of a gas escaping from the second region through the second discharge channel.
 13. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 9, wherein, during a time section of at least part of the first step to the fourth step, a flow rate of a gas escaping from the first region through the first discharge channel is greater than a flow rate of a gas escaping from the second region through the second discharge channel.
 14. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 9, wherein, during a time section of at least part of the first step to the fourth step, a flow rate of a gas supplied by the gas supply unit is substantially the same as a sum of a flow rate of the gas escaping from the first region through the first discharge channel and a flow rate of the gas escaping from the second region through the second discharge channel.
 15. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein a reaction space is defined by the gas supply unit, the substrate support unit, and the second partition.
 16. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least part of the discharge path overlaps the gas supply unit in an extended vertical direction.
 17. A substrate processing apparatus comprising: a first partition; a gas supply unit connected to the first partition; a substrate support unit configured to have surface-sealing with the first partition; a second partition dividing a space between the first partition and the gas supply unit into a first region and a second region; and a discharge path communicated with the first region and the second region. 